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Check the words & phrases in Unit 3A- Saving the Panda below:
Unit 3A
Scarcity (n): an
inadequate supply, a rarity / scarce(adj)
– scarcely(adv)
Scarcity
of water will be one of the most fundamental problems in the world.
Precious (adj.): very valuable / preciously(adv)
– preciousness(n)
Gold and silver are precious
metals.
Exceed (v):
to be greater than something or to go beyond limits / exceedingly(adv)
The
demand for new housing has exceeded
the supply, so the prices have increased.
Revenue
(n): money or income
The
factory will lose revenue because
all the workers went on a strike.
Offset
(v): to balance the effect of one thing by doing
another action
The
corporation has different investments, so gains in some of them offset losses in others.
Accommodate
(v): to have enough room for something; to adjust for
someone’s needs / accomodation(n)
Those
new five-star hotels in the area can accommodate
over 5,000 people during the high season.
Restore
(v): to return something
to its previous good condition /
restoration(n) – restorer(n)
She
has a very interesting job which requires great care and attention; she restores old pantings.
Dramatic
(adj.): sudden and very noticable; exciting and impressive
/ dramatically (adv.)
Seeing
the dramatic change in his
behaviours, his parents took the young boy to the doctor and leraned that he
started using drugs.
They
are happy to see that their profit has increased dramatically.
Hesitate
(v): to wait for a short time before speaking or acting
/ hesitation(n) – hesitant(n) –
hesitancy(n)
He hesitated to accept the job offer first
as the pay was not as much as he expected, but after thinking the other
advantages he accepted it.
Eliminate
(v): to remove completely / elimination(n)
Dieticians
suggest that we should eliminate
fatty foods from our diets.
SAVING
THE PANDA
1. The word ‘captivity’ in line 19 is closest in meaning to ___.
a) threat b) peace
c)
restriction d) comfort
2. The phrase
‘a few others’ in line 24 refers to _____.
a) provinces b) most pandas
c) endangered
animals d) captive pandas
3. The word ‘translate’ in line 38 is closest in meaning to __.
a) change b) interpret
c) transplant d) move
4. From
paragraph 3, we can understand that the expenses for panda care ______.
a) can
simply be met by a public display of new-born baby pandas
b) are
difficult to meet since some zoos lack enough gift shops
c) should be
met by donating two and a half million dollars for baby cubs
d) is a
burden on zoos although the number of visitors rises at certain times
5. The word “it” in line 57 refers to ______________.
a) a
benefit b) the cost of caring for pandas
c) a panda d)
raising pandas in captivity
6. State 3
things needed for raising pandas in conservation centers.
1.
2.
3.
7. Which of
the following ideas is NOT mentioned in the text?
a) How it is
possible to raise money for pandas
b) Actions
taken for public awareness about panda habitats
c) The areas
where pandas can be found in the wild
d) The
reasons why pandas rarely reproduce
8. Which of
the following is TRUE according to
the text?
a) The
number of baby cubs has increased 90 percent recently.
b) Not only
in China but also in other countries new preservation methods are being
applied.
c) David
Wildt is against the idea of raising pandas in captivity.
d) Due to
the money issues, zoos in China have to release baby pandas into the wild.
ANSWER
KEY
1.C 2.D 3.A 4.D 5.D 6.(the best) doctors/ (tastiest) food/money/toys/habitats/keepers/funds 7. D 8.B
Unit 3 A
Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the words in
the box.
accommodate dramatically eliminate exceed hesitate
offset precious restore revenue scarcity
1.
In order to ___________ the cost of their new house the family had to cut their
expenses significantly.
2.
The police didn’t ___________ to spray the crowd with tear gas as they were
ordered to do so.
3. If
someone had told me a month before that my life was going to be changed so ___________,
I would not have believed them.
4.
The local zoo announced that more
room is needed to ___________
all the animals that are newly born and sent from other zoos.
5.
Take these pills to increase the iron level in your blood, but you should not ___________this amount because iron can be toxic in
certain individuals.
6. That is the only photograph left from his
mother who died while giving birth to him and naturally his most ___________ possession.
7. Because the company has lost most of its ___________
in petroleum based products, and gone into an economic crisis, they have
started to invest in herbal based products which they consider to be profitable.
8. ___________ of clean water is one of the major
problems in Africa. This is a more urgent issue compared to lack of food.
9. There are lots of possible things to do to
save endangered animals from extinction. One option is to ___________
wildlife habitats.
10. It
is possible to reduce, but not ___________ power
differences between people in hierarchical organizations.
Answers:
1.offset 2.
hesitate 3. dramatically 4. accomodate 5.
exceed
6.
precious 7. revenue 8. scarcity
9. restore 10. eliminate
Below are the words & phrases in Unit 3B- Tracking the Snow Leopard.
Unit
3B
Enforce(v):
to make sure that laws are obeyed; to carry out effectively / enfocable(adj) – enforcement(n)-
enforcer(n)
In every country, the duty of the police is to enforce the law.
Conflict(n):
a serious disagreement and argument / conflict(v)
– conflicted(adj)
Recent conflicts in the
Arab world has led to the deaths of many civilians.
Drag(v): to pull a
heavy weight across the ground
Firefighters dragged
two injured people to safety.
Reverse(v):
to go backwards; to change sth so that it is the opposite of what it was before
/ reverse(n) – reversible(adj)-
reversion(n)
Everybody gets old. Unfortunately, it is not possible to reverse the aging process.
Trend(n):
a pattern of change in a new or different direction
There is a disturbing trend
toward obesity in children; parents should get help from professionals to take
precautions.
Landscape(n):
natural scenery in the countryside (fields, lakes, hills etc.)/
landscape(v)-landscaping(n)
Paul Cezanne and Vincent van Gogh are famous for painting landscapes.
Poverty(n): the condition of being very poor
Rich nations must find effective strategies to fight poverty in many African countries.
Incentive(n):
the reason for doing something, the motive / incentivize(v)
The rising cost of electricity provides
a strong incentive to conserve energy.
Reward(v):
to give a reward to or for / reward(n):
The
firefighters rescued all the people from the burning shopping center and they
were rewarded by the mayor for their heroic actions.
Bonus(n):
an extra unexpected amount beyond the usual amount
Staff members were given a bonus for finishing the project on schedule.
TRACK THE SNOW LEOPARD
1. The word ‘incentive’
in line 51 is closest in meaning to ______________.
a) encouragement b) problem
c) interest d)
reason
2. The word ‘they’
in line 88 refers to ____.
a) the women b) the herders
c) the organization d) the program members
3. Why is it difficult to see snow leopards in daylight?
a) They are very silent and fast.
b) They are extinct due to hunting.
c) They live in remote and high regions.
d) Conservationists help them to be out of sight.
4. From paragraph 5, we can understand that a snow
leopard is different from a wolf because ___.
5. Which of the followings is NOT a reason for hunting a
snow leopard?
a) dependence on livestock
b) the harsh
climate conditions for farming
c) the financial value of their fur
d) the religious rules about their existence
6. State one way in that the Himalayan
Homestays Program helps decrease snow leopard killings.
7. Which of the following effects of SLE is NOT mentioned
in the text?
a) increase in the herders’ income
b) decrease in the number of snow leopard killings
c) positive influence on the status of women
d) increase in the number of tourists
8. In paragraph 4, the statement ‘The only way to reverse this trend and bring these cats back from near
extinction, say conservationists, is to make them more valuable alive than dead’
is most similar to:
a) Conservationists claim that the best way to stop the
leopard killings is to increase the value of these animals when they are alive.
b) Conservationists say that whether they are dead or
alive, snow leopards are a valuable part of our habitat.
c) The trend of killing these animals caused them to be
nearly extinct and this should be discouraged.
d) Conservationists changed the
trend of killing of snow leopards and slowed down their extinction by making
these cats more valuable.
9. What is the main difference between Snow Leopard
Conservancy-India and SLE in terms of financial issues?
a) In India people are encouraged to stop herding whereas
in Mongolia people continue to keep animals.
b) In India herders gain money by hosting tourists while
in Mongolia they sell products abroad and get a 20% bonus for not killing snow
leopards.
c) In India people earn money as nature guides but in
Mongolia they earn money by selling different products to tourists.
d) In India herders are sent tourists in exchange of not
killing any snow leopards, yet in Mongolia herders are paid an extra 10%-15% of
their income as a bonus.
ANSWER KEY
1.A
2.D
3.C
4. a wolf kills an animal and leaves after he eats it but a snow leopard
is always around
5. D
6.a herder family hosts tourists and earn money and in exchange they
agree not to kill any snow leopards/ homestays members can be hired as nature
guides /by proving an income to replace the death of animals to snow leopards.
7.D
8.A
9.B
Unit 3B
Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the words in
the box.
bonus conflict drag enforce incentive landscape poverty reverse reward trend
1. AIDS in Africa is widespread because of __________ and poor medical facilities.
2. Although the
employees were disappointed by the amount of increase in their wages, the
promise of getting a ___________ every six
months cheered them up a bit.
3. The road to
mountains passes through a __________ which has
such a breathtaking view that thousands of tourists visit the region every year.
4. For almost three decades this ___________
over the tiny islands on Pacific went on between the two countries, and almost
2000 people lost their lives.
5. The carpet is too big for me to __________
out of the house and take it to the cleaner’s. I need help.
6. It is estimated that if the government
tries to ___________ similar laws, we’ll see more angry protestors on the
streets of major cities.
7. The rider stresses the importance of __________ and mentions different ways of praising
the horse: ‘The simplest way for the rider to show his appreciation is by
patting or speaking with a soothing voice.’’
8. It is claimed that there is a
growing _________ towards greater protection for journalists' sources in Europe.
9. I think big actors in the construction business are
planning to turn this beautiful natural sanctuary into a tourist attraction.
Their real ___________
is to make
more money.
10. The
reason why they make
this journey of three and a half thousand miles is not only to lay their eggs but
also commit their young to make a similar journey in __________ to find their
feeding grounds by doing so?
Answers:
1.poverty 2. bonus 3. landscape 4.conflict 5. drag
6. enforce 7. reward 8. trend
9.
incentive 10. reverse
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